Kodi mudadzifunsapo kuti nchifukwa chiyani ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D ukukulirakulira ndikulowa m'malo mwa ukadaulo wakale wopanga zinthu?
Ngati muyesa kulemba zifukwa zomwe kusinthaku kukuchitikira, mndandandawu udzayamba ndi kusintha. Anthu akufuna kusintha zinthu. Sakufuna kusintha zinthu.
Ndipo chifukwa cha kusintha kumeneku kwa khalidwe la anthu komanso kuthekera kwa ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D kukwaniritsa zosowa za anthu zosintha, mwa kusintha, ndizomwe zimatha kusintha ukadaulo wopanga zinthu wozikidwa pa muyezo.
Kusinthasintha ndi chinthu chobisika chomwe anthu amafunafuna kuti zinthu zigwirizane ndi zosowa zawo. Ndipo mfundo yakuti pali zinthu zosindikizira za 3D zomwe zimapezeka pamsika zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga zinthu zosinthasintha komanso zitsanzo zogwira ntchito ndi gwero la chisangalalo chenicheni kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena.
Mafashoni osindikizidwa a 3D ndi manja opangidwa ndi 3D ndi zitsanzo za ntchito zomwe kusinthasintha kwa kusindikiza kwa 3D kuyenera kuyamikiridwa.
Kusindikiza kwa rabara mu 3D ndi gawo lomwe likufufuzidwabe koma silinapangidwebe. Koma pakadali pano, tilibe ukadaulo wosindikiza wa rabara mu 3D, mpaka rabara itasindikizidwa kwathunthu, tifunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina.
Ndipo malinga ndi kafukufuku, njira zina zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi rabara zimatchedwa Thermoplastic Elastomers. Pali mitundu inayi yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zosinthasintha zomwe tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.
Zipangizo zosindikizira za 3D zosinthasinthazi zimatchedwa TPU, TPC, TPA, ndi Soft PLA. Tiyamba ndi kukupatsani chidule cha zinthu zosindikizira za 3D zosinthasintha.
Kodi Filament Yosinthasintha Kwambiri Ndi Iti?
Kusankha ulusi wosinthasintha wa ntchito yanu yotsatira yosindikiza ya 3D kudzatsegula dziko la zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe mungachite kuti musindikize.
Sikuti mumangosindikiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wanu wopindika, komanso ngati muli ndi chosindikizira chokhala ndi mitu iwiri kapena yambiri, mutha kusindikiza zinthu zodabwitsa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi.
Zigawo ndi zinthu zina zogwira ntchito monga ma flip flops apadera, ma stress ball-heads, kapena ma vibration dampeners amatha kusindikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chosindikizira chanu.
Ngati mwatsimikiza mtima kupanga Flexi filament kukhala gawo la kusindikiza zinthu zanu, mudzapambana kupanga malingaliro anu kukhala ofanana ndi zenizeni.
Popeza pali njira zambiri zomwe zilipo masiku ano m'munda uno, zingakhale zovuta kuganiza za nthawi yomwe yadutsa kale m'munda wosindikiza wa 3D popanda zinthu zosindikizira izi.
Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kusindikiza ndi ulusi wofewa, panthawiyo, kunali kovuta kwambiri. Kupweteka kumeneku kunali chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri zomwe zinkazungulira mfundo imodzi yodziwika bwino yakuti zinthuzi ndi zofewa kwambiri.
Kufewa kwa zinthu zosindikizira za 3D zomwe zimasinthasintha kumawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo chosindikizidwa ndi chosindikizira chilichonse, m'malo mwake, mumafunika chinthu chodalirika kwambiri.
Makina ambiri osindikizira panthawiyo anali ndi vuto la kukankhira chingwe, kotero nthawi iliyonse mukakankhira chinthu panthawiyo popanda kulimba kulikonse kudzera mu nozzle, chimapindika, chimapotoka, ndikumenyana nacho.
Aliyense amene amadziwa bwino kutsanulira ulusi kuchokera mu singano yosokera nsalu yamtundu uliwonse akhoza kuvomereza izi.
Kupatula vuto la mphamvu yokankhira, kupanga ulusi wofewa monga TPE kunali ntchito yovuta kwambiri, makamaka yokhala ndi zolekerera zabwino.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti simukulekerera bwino ndikuyamba kupanga, pali mwayi woti ulusi womwe mwapanga ungawonongeke, kutsekeka, ndi kutulutsidwa kwa ulusi.
Koma zinthu zasintha, pakadali pano, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulusi wofewa, ena mwa iwo ali ndi mphamvu zotanuka komanso kufewa kosiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo za Soft PLA, TPU, ndi TPE ndi zina mwa izi.
Kulimba kwa Pagombe
Ichi ndi chinthu chofala chomwe mungachione ndi opanga ma filament omwe amatchula pamodzi ndi dzina la zinthu zawo zosindikizira za 3D.
Kulimba kwa gombe kumatanthauzidwa ngati muyeso wa kukana kwa chinthu chilichonse kuti chilowe mkati.
Sikelo iyi idapangidwa kale pamene anthu analibe mawu ofotokozera akamalankhula za kuuma kwa chinthu chilichonse.
Kotero, kuuma kwa Shore kusanapangidwe, anthu ankayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe adakumana nazo pofotokozera ena kuuma kwa chinthu chilichonse chomwe adayesapo, m'malo motchula nambala.
Kukula kumeneku kumakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri poganizira zinthu zomwe nkhungu zingasankhidwe popanga gawo la prototype yogwira ntchito.
Mwachitsanzo, mukafuna kusankha pakati pa ma rabara awiri opangira chikombole cha ballerina yoyimirira ya pulasitala, kuuma kwa Shore kungakuuzeni kuti mukhale ndi rabara yolimba yaifupi 70 A ndi yothandiza kwambiri kuposa rabara yokhala ndi kuuma kwa gombe ya 30 A.
Kawirikawiri mukamagwira ntchito ndi ulusi mudzadziwa kuti kuuma kwa gombe komwe kumalimbikitsidwa kwa chinthu chosinthasintha kumakhala pakati pa 100A ndi 75A.
Pamene, mwachionekere, zinthu zosindikizira za 3D zosinthasintha zomwe zili ndi kuuma kwa gombe kwa 100A zingakhale zovuta kuposa zomwe zili ndi 75A.
Kodi Muyenera Kuganizira Chiyani Mukamagula Filament Yosinthasintha?
Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe muyenera kuganizira pogula ulusi uliwonse, osati wofewa wokha.
Muyenera kuyamba ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa inu, monga mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zingapangitse kuti chikhale chokongola kwambiri.
Kenako muyenera kuganizira za kudalirika kwa unyolo woperekera zinthu mwachitsanzo, zinthu zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kokha posindikiza 3D, ziyenera kupezeka nthawi zonse, apo ayi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa zosindikizira 3D.
Mukaganizira zinthu izi, muyenera kuganizira za kusinthasintha kwakukulu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pakuti, si zinthu zonse zosindikizira za 3D zomwe zingapezeke mu mtundu womwe mukufuna kugula.
Mukaganizira zonsezi, mutha kuganizira za utumiki wa makasitomala a kampaniyo ndi mtengo wake poyerekeza ndi makampani ena omwe ali pamsika.
Tsopano tilemba zina mwa zinthu zomwe mungasankhe posindikiza gawo losinthasintha kapena chitsanzo chogwira ntchito.
Mndandanda wa Zipangizo Zosindikizira za 3D Zosinthasintha
Zipangizo zonse zomwe zatchulidwazi zili ndi makhalidwe oyambira monga kuti zonse zimasinthasintha komanso zimakhala zofewa. Zipangizozo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zopirira kutopa komanso mphamvu zamagetsi.
Ali ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa zochepetsera kugwedezeka komanso mphamvu yokoka. Zipangizozi zimalimbana ndi mankhwala ndi nyengo, zimakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yolimbana ndi kung'ambika ndi kusweka.
Zonsezi zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndipo zimatha kunyamula zinthu zolemera.
Zofunikira pa printer kuti musindikize pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosindikizira za Flexible 3D
Pali mfundo zina zofunika kuzitsatira musanasindikize ndi zinthuzi.
Kutentha kwa chosindikizira chanu chotulutsa zinthu kuyenera kukhala pakati pa madigiri 210 ndi 260 Celsius, pomwe kutentha kwa bedi kuyenera kukhala kuyambira kutentha kwa mlengalenga mpaka madigiri 110 Celsius kutengera kutentha kwa galasi la zinthu zomwe mukufuna kusindikiza.
Liwiro loyenera kusindikizidwa posindikiza pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosinthasintha lingakhale kuyambira pa mamilimita asanu pa sekondi mpaka mamilimita makumi atatu pa sekondi.
Dongosolo lotulutsa zinthu la chosindikizira chanu cha 3D liyenera kukhala loyendetsa mwachindunji ndipo mukulangizidwa kuti mukhale ndi fan yoziziritsira kuti muzitha kukonza zinthu mwachangu mukamaliza kukonza zinthu ndi zinthu zina zomwe mumapanga.
Mavuto posindikiza ndi zinthu izi
Zachidziwikire, pali mfundo zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira musanasindikize ndi zinthuzi kutengera zovuta zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito adakumana nazo kale.
-Ma elastomer a thermoplastic amadziwika kuti sagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi otulutsa zinthu mu chosindikizira.
-Zimatenga chinyezi, choncho yembekezerani kuti chosindikizira chanu chiwonekere kukula ngati ulusiwo sunasungidwe bwino.
-Thermoplastic elastomers ndi omasuka kusuntha mwachangu kotero amatha kumangidwa akakankhidwa kudzera mu extruder.
TPU
TPU imayimira thermoplastic polyurethane. Ndi yotchuka kwambiri pamsika kotero, pogula ulusi wosinthasintha, pali mwayi waukulu kuti nsalu iyi ndi yomwe mungakumane nayo nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi ulusi wina.
Ndi yotchuka pamsika chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso kuthekera kwake kutulutsa mosavuta kuposa ulusi wina.
Nsalu iyi ili ndi mphamvu zabwino komanso kulimba kwambiri. Ili ndi mphamvu zotanuka kwambiri kuyambira 600 mpaka 700 peresenti.
Kulimba kwa zinthuzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumayambira pa 60 A mpaka 55 D. Kutha kusindikizidwa bwino, komanso kowonekera pang'ono.
Kukana kwake mankhwala ku mafuta ndi mafuta kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma printers a 3D. Zipangizozi zimakhala ndi kukana kwambiri kukanda.
Mukulangizidwa kuti kutentha kwa chosindikizira chanu kukhale pakati pa madigiri 210 mpaka 230 Celsius ndi kutentha kosatenthedwa kufika madigiri 60 Celsius pamene mukusindikiza ndi TPU.
Liwiro losindikiza, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, liyenera kukhala pakati pa mamilimita asanu ndi atatu pa sekondi, pomwe kuti mugwiritse ntchito Kapton kapena tepi yojambulira, mukulangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito tepi ya Kapton.
Chotulutsira mpweya chiyenera kukhala chowongolera mwachindunji ndipo fan yoziziritsira siilimbikitsidwa makamaka pa zigawo zoyamba za chosindikizira ichi.
TPC
Amayimira thermoplastic copolyester. Mwa mankhwala, ndi ma polyether ester omwe ali ndi ma glycols a unyolo wautali kapena waufupi omwe amasinthasintha motsatizana.
Magawo olimba a gawo ili ndi ma ester afupiafupi, pomwe magawo ofewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ma polyether a aliphatic ndi ma polyester glycols.
Popeza zinthu zosindikizira za 3D zosinthasinthazi zimaonedwa ngati zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, sizimawonedwa kawirikawiri monga TPU.
TPC ili ndi kachulukidwe kochepa ndipo imatha kusinthasintha pakati pa 300 ndi 350 peresenti. Kulimba kwake kwa Shore kuli pakati pa 40 ndi 72 D.
TPC imaonetsa kukana bwino mankhwala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kukhazikika bwino kwa kutentha komanso kukana kutentha.
Mukamasindikiza ndi TPC, mukulangizidwa kuti kutentha kwanu kukhale pakati pa madigiri 220 mpaka 260 Celsius, kutentha kwa chipinda kukhale pakati pa madigiri 90 mpaka 110 Celsius, ndipo liwiro losindikiza likhale lofanana ndi la TPU.
TPA
Copolymer ya mankhwala a TPE ndi Nayiloni yotchedwa Thermoplastic Polyamide ndi kuphatikiza kwa kapangidwe kosalala komanso kowala komwe kumachokera ku Nayiloni ndi kusinthasintha komwe ndi dalitso la TPE.
Ili ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kusinthasintha kwapakati pa 370 ndi 497 peresenti, ndipo kuuma kwa Shore kuli pakati pa 75 ndi 63 A.
Ndi yolimba kwambiri ndipo imasindikizidwa bwino pamlingo womwewo monga TPC. Imapirira kutentha bwino komanso imamatirira pansi.
Kutentha kwa chosindikizira posindikiza zinthuzi kuyenera kukhala pakati pa madigiri 220 mpaka 230 Celsius, pomwe kutentha kwa bedi kuyenera kukhala pakati pa madigiri 30 mpaka 60 Celsius.
Liwiro losindikiza la chosindikizira chanu likhoza kukhala lofanana ndi lomwe limalimbikitsidwa posindikiza TPU ndi TPC.
Chomangira cha chosindikizira chiyenera kukhala chogwirizana ndi PVA ndipo makina otulutsira zinthu akhoza kukhala oyendetsedwa mwachindunji komanso ngati Bowden.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-10-2023