Katundu Wakanema wa TPU Wosalowa Madzi komanso Wonyowa

Ntchito yaikulu yaThermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) filimuZimakhala m'malo ake apadera oletsa madzi komanso otha kuloŵa ndi chinyezi - zimatha kutsekereza madzi amadzimadzi kuti asalowe ndikupangitsa kuti mamolekyu a nthunzi (thukuta, thukuta) adutse.

1. Zizindikiro Zogwirira Ntchito ndi Miyezo

1. Kuletsa Madzi (Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance):
   • Chizindikiro: Imayesa kuthekera kwa filimuyo kukana kuthamanga kwa madzi akunja, kuyeza ma kilopascals (kPa) kapena mamilimita amadzi amzati (mmH₂O). Mtengo wokwera umasonyeza kulimba kwa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, zovala zakunja zanthawi zonse zingafunike ≥13 kPa, pomwe zida zaukadaulo zitha kufuna ≥50 kPa.
   • Muyeso Woyeserera: Nthawi zambiri amayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ISO 811 kapena ASTM D751 (Burst Strength Method). Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchulukitsidwa kwamadzi pafupipafupi kumbali imodzi ya filimuyo mpaka madontho amadzi awonekere mbali inayo, ndikulemba kuchuluka kwa mphamvu panthawiyo.
2. Kuthekera kwa Chinyezi (Kutumiza kwa Nthunzi):
   • Chizindikiro: Imayezera kuchuluka kwa nthunzi wamadzi womwe umadutsa mugawo la filimuyo pa nthawi ya yuniti, yowonetsedwa mu magalamu pa sikweya mita pa maola 24 (g/m²/24h). Mtengo wapamwamba umasonyeza kupuma bwino komanso kutuluka thukuta. Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wopitilira 5000 g/m²/24h umadziwika kuti ndi wopumira kwambiri.
   • Muyeso Woyesera: Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu:
     • Njira Yowongoka ya Cup Cup (Njira ya Desiccant): mwachitsanzo, ASTM E96 BW. Desiccant imayikidwa mu kapu, yosindikizidwa ndi filimuyo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nthunzi yamadzi komwe kumatengedwa pansi pa kutentha kwapadera ndi chinyezi kumayesedwa. Zotsatira zili pafupi ndi mikhalidwe yeniyeni yovala.
     • Inverted Cup Cup (Njira ya Madzi): mwachitsanzo, ISO 15496. Madzi amaikidwa mu kapu, yomwe imatembenuzidwa ndi kusindikizidwa ndi filimuyo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nthunzi wamadzi kumatuluka kudzera mufilimuyi kumayesedwa. Njirayi ndi yachangu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pakuwongolera khalidwe.

2. Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito

The madzi ndi chinyezi permeable katundu wafilimu TPUsizimatheka kudzera ma pores akuthupi koma zimadalira momwe mamolekyulu amapangidwira magawo ake a hydrophilic chain:

• Madzi: Kanemayo ndi wandiweyani komanso wopanda pore; madzi amadzimadzi sangathe kudutsa chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwake pamwamba ndi mawonekedwe a filimuyi.
• Chinyezi Chokwanira: Polima ili ndi magulu a hydrophilic (mwachitsanzo, -NHCOO-). Maguluwa "amagwira" mamolekyu a nthunzi amadzi omwe amatuluka kuchokera pakhungu mkati. Kenaka, kupyolera mu "katundu wamagulu" a maunyolo a polima, mamolekyu amadzi amatengedwa pang'onopang'ono "kufalikira" kuchokera mkati kupita ku chilengedwe chakunja.

3. Njira Zoyesera

1. Hydrostatic Pressure Tester: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza molondola malire a madzi a filimu kapena nsalu.
2. Moisture Permeability Cup: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa chipinda cha kutentha ndi chinyezi kuti athe kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya (MVTR) pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowongoka kapena yopindika.

4. Mapulogalamu

Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu izi,filimu TPUndiye chisankho chokondedwa pamapulogalamu ambiri apamwamba:

• Zovala Zapanja: Chofunikira kwambiri mu ma jekete olimba, kuvala ku ski, ndi mathalauza oyenda, kuwonetsetsa kuuma ndi kutonthoza kwa okonda panja pamphepo ndi mvula.
• Chitetezo cha Zamankhwala: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mikanjo ya opaleshoni ndi zovala zotetezera kuti atseke magazi ndi madzi a m'thupi (osalowa madzi) pamene amalola kuti thukuta lopangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala lituluke, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa kutentha.
• Kuzimitsa Moto ndi Zovala Zophunzitsira Zankhondo: Zimapereka chitetezo m'malo ovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimafuna kukana moto, madzi, ndi mankhwala, komanso kupuma kwambiri kuti zisamayende bwino.
• Zida Zovala Nsapato: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma sock liners (booties) osalowa madzi kuti mapazi aziuma pakagwa mvula pomwe amateteza kutentha kwamkati ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.

Mwachidule, kudzera mu mawonekedwe ake apadera a thupi ndi mankhwala, filimu ya TPU imayendetsa mwaluso zosowa zomwe zimawoneka ngati zotsutsana za "madzi" ndi "zopumira," zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga nsalu zapamwamba kwambiri.