Choyera, chowala, chosavuta, komanso choyera, chikuyimira chiyero.
Anthu ambiri amakonda zinthu zoyera, ndipo zinthu zogulira nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zoyera. Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe amagula zinthu zoyera kapena kuvala zovala zoyera amasamala kuti zoyera zisawononge. Koma pali mawu akuti, “M’chilengedwe chino, tayani kwamuyaya.” Kaya muchita khama lotani kuti zinthuzi zisadetsedwe, pang’onopang’ono zidzasanduka zachikasu zokha. Kwa sabata, chaka, kapena zaka zitatu, mumavala chikwama cha mahedifoni kuntchito tsiku lililonse, ndipo shati yoyera yomwe simunavale mu zovala imasanduka yachikasu pang’onopang’ono yokha.
Ndipotu, kunyezimira kwa ulusi wa zovala, nsapato zotanuka, ndi mabokosi a pulasitiki a mahedifoni ndi chizindikiro cha kukalamba kwa polima, komwe kumadziwika kuti kunyezimira. Kunyezimira kumatanthauza kuwonongeka, kukonzedwanso, kapena kulumikizidwa kwa mamolekyulu a zinthu za polima panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha, kuwala, kukhuthala, ndi zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magulu ena amitundu apangidwe.
Magulu amitundu awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ma bond awiri a carbon carbon (C=C), magulu a carbonyl (C=O), magulu a imine (C=N), ndi zina zotero. Chiwerengero cha ma bond awiri a carbon carbon omwe adalumikizidwa chikafika pa 7-8, nthawi zambiri amaoneka achikasu. Kawirikawiri, mukaona kuti zinthu za polymer zikuyamba kuoneka zachikasu, kuchuluka kwa chikasu kumawonjezeka. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa ma polima ndi njira yolumikizirana, ndipo njira yowononga ikayamba, kuwonongeka kwa ma molecular chain kumakhala ngati domino, ndipo unit iliyonse imagwa imodzi ndi imodzi.
Pali njira zambiri zosungira zinthuzo kukhala zoyera. Kuwonjezera titanium dioxide ndi zinthu zoyera za fluorescent kungathandize kwambiri kuyeretsa zinthuzo, koma sikungalepheretse kuti zinthuzo zisawoneke zachikasu. Kuti muchepetse kunyezimira kwa ma polima, zinthu zokhazikika, zoyatsira kuwala, zinthu zozimitsa, ndi zina zotero zitha kuwonjezeredwa. Mitundu iyi ya zowonjezera imatha kuyamwa mphamvu zomwe zimatengedwa ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet mu dzuwa, ndikubwezeretsa polimayo ku mkhalidwe wokhazikika. Ndipo ma antithermal oxidants amatha kugwira ma free radicals opangidwa ndi okosijeni, kapena kuletsa kuwonongeka kwa ma polymer chain kuti athetse kusintha kwa unyolo wa polymer chain. Zipangizozo zimakhala ndi moyo wautali, ndipo zowonjezera zimakhala ndi moyo wautali. Ngakhale zowonjezera zimatha kuchepetsa kunyezimira kwa polymer, zimalephera pang'onopang'ono zikagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuwonjezera pa kuwonjezera zowonjezera, n'zothekanso kupewa chikasu cha polima pazinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo pamalo otentha kwambiri komanso owala akunja, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wowala womwe umayamwa kuwala pazinthuzo mukazigwiritsa ntchito panja. chikasu sichimangokhudza mawonekedwe okha, komanso chimasonyeza kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a makina azinthuzo! Zipangizo zomangira zikayamba kuoneka zachikasu, zinthu zina zatsopano ziyenera kusinthidwa mwachangu momwe zingathere.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-20-2023